A bigger print spreads the same pixels over more paper
Physical size in inches is pixel dimensions divided by pixels per inch (PPI). Print specifications often call this DPI, although printer ink dots and image pixels are different things. A resolution label by itself does not add image detail.
Use the resolution-check mode when you already know the frame size. If the image and frame have different proportions, fitting keeps the entire photo with blank space; filling covers the frame by cropping. The calculator reports both densities and the area a fill crop would remove.
For a photo held close, 300 PPI is a useful starting point, but follow your print provider’s requirements. Posters viewed from a distance may need less. The calculation cannot assess focus, compression artifacts or printer margins. In pixels-needed mode, a separate bleed control expands the canvas; it does not check whether important content stays inside the trim area.